Invasive Lesser Celadine Threatens North American Riparian Ecosystems

An invasive plant known as Lesser Celadine (Ficaria verna), originally from Europe, is posing a severe threat to riparian ecosystems across the Eastern and Midwestern United States. According to a native plant restorationist, this aggressive species is rapidly spreading, outcompeting vital native spring wildflowers like trilliums, bluebells, rue anemone, and spring beauties. Lesser Celadine emerges as early as February, forming dense carpets on forest floors near rivers and creeks. It monopolizes resources during its growth period, effectively pushing out native flora. By May, the plant disappears, leaving behind bare soil prone to erosion, which further exacerbates the invasion cycle. The plant propagates through small tubers that are easily dispersed by floodwaters, making its control exceptionally challenging. While manual removal is possible for small patches, chemical control is often the only effective method for larger infestations. Environmental advocates are urging local park systems and land management agencies to prioritize the treatment and removal of Lesser Celadine to protect the delicate balance of native ecosystems.

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Invasive plants compete with native wildflowers for resources and space, and the lesser celandine is no different.