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Como a realidade em El Salvador viola os direitos humanos?
El Salvador vive sob um regime ditatorial com a justificativa de usar a repressão para cessar a violência e preservação da segurança público-privada
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El Salvador's Security Miracle: A Double-Edged Sword of Reduced Crime and Human Rights Concerns
El Salvador, under the leadership of President Nayib Bukele, has undergone a dramatic transformation from being known as the 'murder capital' to a nation boasting significantly reduced crime rates. Bukele assumed the presidency in 2019, inheriting a country plagued by rampant gang violence, with a staggering 104 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants in 2015. Through a controversial 'regime of exception' implemented in 2022, Bukele's administration drastically curtailed gang activity, leading to a remarkable drop in the homicide rate to 1.9 per 100,000 inhabitants by 2024. This figure is ten times lower than that of Brazil, according to the report. While many citizens, like Joel Ayala, a resident of La Campanera, express profound relief and support for the government's efforts, citing a return to safety, the policies have come at a steep cost. Ayala recalled a time when his neighborhood experienced 'thirty, forty, fifty homicides a day' and gangs demanded money, threatening death if not paid. He credits Bukele's anti-gang law with saving the country. However, the regime's approach has led to mass arrests, with thousands of individuals, including many innocent people, being incarcerated. Patricia García, whose son Alex Ernesto was arrested in December 2022, acknowledged the improved security but strongly condemned the 'arbitrary actions' against innocent youth. Zaira Navas, a lawyer from the human rights NGO Cristosal, emphasized that those not directly affected by the arrests might overlook the progressive reduction of rights, willing to let others 'pay the consequences of the loss of democracy.' El Salvador now holds the highest incarceration rate globally, with 1,600 prisoners per 100,000 inhabitants.
